Rogers-Satchell volatility removes drift bias from OHLC data. Learn the formula, worked examples, and when it beats close-to-close estimates.
Chaikin Volatility measures whether trading range is expanding or contracting. Learn what the signal means, how to calculate it, and where it misleads.
Order flow imbalance measures whether aggressive buyers or sellers control the tape. How to read it, normalize it correctly, and avoid the traps.
Garman-Klass Volatility uses open, high, low, and close to estimate daily volatility more efficiently than close-to-close or range-only methods.
Parkinson Volatility uses the high-low range to estimate true price movement. Learn the formula, where it works, and where gaps break it.
How to read Aroon Up and Aroon Down lines to detect trend births through crossovers and line separation before price confirms the move.
How the Positive Volume Index tracks price on high-volume days, what PVI and NVI divergence reveals about trend health, and how to apply it in swing trades.
Learn how the Volume Oscillator compares fast and slow volume averages to confirm trend strength and spot fading momentum before price breaks down.
How the Negative Volume Index tracks price changes on low-volume days to reveal smart money positioning and confirm trend direction.
Market Profile uses time at price to map where the market accepts value. Learn TPO charts, value areas, point of control, and practical day type reads.